This book is useful to those students who offer the Research Methodology at Post Graduation and M.Phil. Level. This book is also very useful for Ph.D. Course Work examinations.

Contrastive Linguistics is the first book written by a linguist from mainland China on the histories and principles of comparing and contrasting Chinese and Western languages, specifically English. From Wilhelm von Humboldt's initial study in comparative linguistics to the present day, traditional scholarship in contrastive linguistics has taken a Western perspective and shown how foreign languages relate to the Indo-European language family

This book is a teacher development and methodology book. It can be used by those of you who are learning to teach English as a foregn language (EFL) and English as a second language (ESL) as a part of your pre – sevice teacher education program. It can also be used as a teacher development text in in -service teacher development programs as a source for experienced EFL/ESL teachers who would like to refresh their knowledge and see their teaching differently. In addition this book can act as an exploratory text for those who are simply curios about teaching EFL/ESL or by those who have accepted an EFL/ESL teaching position without the benefit of a formal teacher education program and are unprepared to take on all of the respomsibilities of being a teacher.

The text offers students and practitioners in the behavioral sciences and related disciplines important insights into identifying research topics, variables, and methodological approaches. Data collection and assessment strategies, interpretation methods, and important ethical considerations also receive significant coverage in this user-friendly guide. Essentials of Research Design and Methodology is the only available resource to condense the wide-ranging topics of the field into a concise, accessible format for handy and quick reference.

Formulating a research problem; Conceptualising a research design; constructing an instrument for data collection; selesting a sample;writing a reseach proposal; collecting data; processing and displaying data; writing a research report